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Scientists confirm the basis of Einstein’s Theory of Relativity
Astrophysics measured a pulsar to prove Einstein's equivalence principle.
Amazon enlists 30 companies to improve how voice assistants work together
Just because you have an Amazon device doesn't mean you should be limited to interacting with Alexa -- or so Amazon believes. Today, the company announced a new Voice Interoperability Initiative. The goal is to work with other companies so that users can access multiple voice services -- from Alexa to Cortana and Salesforce's Einstein -- on a single device.
Scientists validate theory of relativity on galactic level
Einstein's theory of general relativity is rather important when it's crucial to the modern understandings of the universe and technology like satellites. But does it hold up with something as vast as a galaxy? Thanks to researchers, we know the answer is "yes." They've conducted a test that used two comparatively distant galaxies, one in front of the other, to show that relativity checks out.
Astronomers prove Einstein right: Stars can warp light
In a new study published today in Science, researchers achieved a rare event -- simultaneously proving Albert Einstein both right and wrong. The scientists were able to confirm one of Einstein's theories, something even he wasn't sure would be possible.
Remembering the first 'photo' of a black hole
Black holes are so outlandish that the scientists who first thought them up figured they couldn't possibly exist in reality. They form from massive, collapsed stars and are so dense that nothing can escape their gravitational pull, including light. Black holes mess with spacetime so badly that scientists have long wondered: How do these things look, exactly? We may be on the cusp of seeing one thanks to the Event Horizon Telescope, but back in 1979, Jean-Pierre Luminet created the first "image" using nothing but an early computer, lots of math and India ink.
Ron Howard on his Einstein show and digital filmmaking
Genius isn't your typical Albert Einstein biopic. It starts with a brutal assassination and immediately jumps to the renowned physicist in flagrante with one of his assistants. The series is director Ron Howard's second offering for National Geographic, following Mars. And notably, Genius is the first of Howard's scripted TV shows that he's directing, after serving as a producer for countless series like Parenthood, Arrested Development (where he played the iconic narrator) and Felicity.
The Morning After: Tuesday January 24, 2017
Prepare for a busy Tuesday, where we're expecting an earnings report from Verizon, details on Blizzard's new Overwatch expansion and oh yeah, our new show 'The Future IRL' debuts at 9AM ET. But first up are the things you may have missed, like a massive update for Google Voice, the name of the new Star Wars movie and why cassette sales are way, way up.
LISA Pathfinder 'listens' to the universe while in freefall
Back in December, the European Space Agency (ESA) launched the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) Pathfinder spacecraft. Today, it's finally positioned itself in gravitational stasis at the first Langrangian Point (L1) that lets its instruments hang in freefall. This will hopefully filter out extraneous cosmic noise so the spacecraft can achieve its mission: measuring gravitational waves, the "sound" of the universe.
Astronomers are using pulsars to spot gravitational waves
Earlier this month scientists detected gravitational waves, but it wasn't easy. Because of the tiny forces involved, it took us nearly 100 years to confirm Einstein's original prediction that ultra-massive objects like black holes could send ripples across space-time. A team of astronomers from a group called NANOGrav thinks it can use stable pulsar signals to track tiny movements in the Earth when it's jostled by gravitational waves. "Detecting this signal is possible if we are able to monitor a sufficiently large number of pulsars spread across the sky," says Stephen Taylor from NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. "The smoking gun will be seeing the same pattern of deviations in all of them."
Inhabitat's Week in Green: Tesla's most affordable EV, and more!
Tesla just announced plans to launch its most affordable electric car next month. The Model 3 is expected to cost $35,000 and is set to debut on March 31st -- but it already has competition. Chevrolet showcased the Bolt EV at the start of the year, and Volkswagen confirmed that it's working on the world's first mass-market electric car. Meanwhile, Google is developing electric cars that drive themselves, and soon they'll be able to charge wirelessly. In aviation news, Easyjet announced plans to trial the first hybrid hydrogen plane, and Elon Musk is considering building a vertical take-off and landing electric jet.
ICYMI: Ripples in Spacetime, brain jolts to learn and more
#fivemin-widget-blogsmith-image-917098{display:none;} .cke_show_borders #fivemin-widget-blogsmith-image-917098, #postcontentcontainer #fivemin-widget-blogsmith-image-917098{width:570px;display:block;} try{document.getElementById("fivemin-widget-blogsmith-image-917098").style.display="none";}catch(e){}Today on In Case You Missed It: Researchers at the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory confirmed Einstein's theory that ripples in the fabric of spacetime do, in fact, exist. They spotted the gravitational waves made when two black holes collided.
Gravitational waves are our window into the early universe
"We have detected gravitational waves. We did it," David Reitze, executive director of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO), said at a press conference in Washington on Thursday. Reitze has good reason to be excited. LIGO's find is a huge, Nobel Prize-worthy accomplishment on par with CERN's discovery of the Higgs particle in 2012. Just as Higgs particles revolutionized the standard model of physics, gravitational waves are set to do the same to Einstein's theory of general relativity. Simply put, it will fundamentally alter how we view and interact with the universe around us.
Researchers use satellite launch blunder to test relativity
Pop quiz, hotshot. You've just launched a pair of GPS satellites into the wrong orbit, rendering them useless for navigation. What do you do? If you're the European Space Agency (ESA), you re-purpose them to precisely test Albert Einstein's theory that clocks slow down near heavy objects. Since the Galileo satellites were placed in elliptical, rather than circular orbits by Russian Soyuz rockets, they pass closer to Earth at certain points. Our planet bends the fabric of space-time, so the super-precise atomic clocks on-board the satnavs will theoretically slow during those times, then speed up again when the craft move away.
WSJ: Walgreens is waiting for answers about Theranos blood tests
Controversy has swirled around Silicon Valley startup Theranos ever since the Wall Street Journal reported the company has struggled to roll out its unique blood testing technology. Since 2013 Walgreens has partnered with Theranos to use it for blood testing in the Phoenix area, but now the Journal says the drugstore chain is looking for answers too. It claims that Walgreens found out from the reports that Theranos had stopped using its tiny "nanotainers" to collect blood for all but one type of test. In a statement provided to Engadget (you can read it in full after the break), Walgreens says "we are currently in discussions about the next phase of our relationship" and that the two are trying to figure out a mutually beneficial arrangement. Meanwhile, Theranos has maintained it is confident in the accuracy of its tests, and says that by being faster and cheaper they can identify health problems earlier.
Kindle Fire transforms into a Mac Plus and Newton MessagePad
Last year when the Amazon Kindle Fire first hit the market, I bought one for US$199 to do research for a book. Since the book was published, I haven't touched the Fire at all -- until now. Based on a story I posted the other day about running an old version of the Mac OS on a Nook Simple Touch, I decided I just had to try getting Mac OS running on the Kindle Fire. I'm happy to say that the experiment was a success, and that I now have a 14 ounce equivalent of a Mac Plus running old-school apps like HyperCard and MacWrite. Later on in this post I'll also talk about how my cohort Erica Sadun found a way to turn the Kindle Fire into a Newton MessagePad. Loading the Emulator The experiment I'm about to describe uses the Mini vMac emulator for Android, a free and easily available app. You will not need to root your Kindle Fire to get this to work! If you want to emulate a color Mac, you'll want to root the Kindle Fire, get the Google Play app store running on it, and then purchase Mini vMac II ($1.99). You also need a Mac ROM image and disk images of old Mac System Software. Mini vMac isn't available in the Amazon App Store, so you'll need to download it from the link above, and then sideload it onto the Kindle Fire. How do you sideload an app? Easy. Once you've downloaded the .apk file, plug your Kindle Fire into your Mac with the USB to micro-USB cable and wait for it to mount. When it's visible on your desktop, you can double-click the Kindle to see what's in there. I created a folder on the Kindle named "Apps" and did a drag and drop of the Mini vMac application file into it. Next, I ran AndroXPlorer (free) to find the app file and install it onto the Kindle. There are more hints about sideloading of apps in Erica Sadun's Kindle Fire Sparks: Adding Third-Party Content to your Kindle Fire. Loading the ROM and System Files At this point, nothing much will happen if you try to run Mini vMac. You need a system ROM image, and in this case I was able to search around and find one. Since Apple still owns the ROMs, you must legally own the computer that you're trying to emulate (koff). Sure, I just happen to have a Mac Plus sitting next to my desk... I'm sure that there's an old Mac archive (hint) that might have the droids that you're looking for. Once you've legally acquired that ROM image, you're one step closer to booting your Kindle Mac. The file needs to be named vMac.ROM and placed into a folder named minivmac, and that folder needs to be dropped onto your Kindle Fire as well. If you launch Mini vMac at this point, you'll be welcomed with the familiar "ding" startup tone of the earliest Macs and what you used to see on those Macs when there was no startup disk -- a floppy disk icon with a flashing question mark on it. The next step is load a version of the Mac operating system onto the device. The trick here is to find disk images of any System Software up to version 7.5.5 that is in .img or .dsk format. Unfortunately, a lot of the images out there are in .toast format, and although it's easy in OS X to open those .toast files and see what's inside, I can't figure out a way to save them onto a .dsk or .img file. Looking around, I was able to find a copy of System 7.0.1 that was in the proper format, so I loaded the .dsk files into my minivmac folder and then started up Mini vMac. When running, a tap on the Kindle menu button brings up a few other buttons, one of which is Insert Disk. I used the Insert Disk button to create a new disk onto which I wanted to save the operating system and other files. By default, a 20 MB disk is created. Next, I had to go through the 21st-Century equivalent of swapping floppies. I "inserted" the Install 1 "floppy" and was rewarded with the familiar "Welcome to Macintosh" start screen as the emulated machine booted. The installer loaded, and to install the operating system, I ended up doing a lot of "floppy swaps" as the installer asked for one disk, read information from it, then wrote to the 20 MB disk I had created. At one point, I thought the installation had failed when I repeatedly had to swap disks as the Symbol font was being loaded, but perseverance paid off and the installation was successfully completed. Operating the emulated Mac At this point, I had the equivalent of a Mac Plus with no software. What's great about the emulator is that it uses the screen taps as mouse clicks and there's also a virtual Mac keyboard that appears when needed or called up. You can reset the device or interrupt it; my suggestion for shutting down the Mac is to use the Finder's Shut Down menu item to put everything away neatly. When the system prompt asks if you wish to restart the Mac, you can safely return to the Kindle Fire's home screen. Now it was time to search around for some software. Fortunately, there are some good archives available online that have plenty of old Mac apps. As I hinted about earlier, there's the Old Mac Archive or you can go to the Macintosh Garden or System 6 Hell for your retro software fix. Apple is even in on the act, with an Older Software List that includes everything from drivers, old Claris apps, and tons of drivers. The emulated Mac Plus is speedy! I am amazed at how quickly it loads everything, and it works quite well with most of the old apps. The only negative I can find right now is that there's no easy way to transfer files directly from my iMac to the Mini vMac folder on the Kindle Fire, since Mini vMac really only wants to see .dsk or .img formatted files. If the files aren't in either format, they won't load. My solution to the latter error is quite simple; I'm installing the Basilisk II classic Mac emulator on my iMac simply for the reason of running apps that can be used to create the .dsk and .img files that Mini vMac desires. I found that my fingers are a bit too big to use the emulators very well, so I've taken to using a Adonit Jot Pro stylus (US$29.99) as a way to get more accuracy. Was this entire exercise worth the effort? Hell, yeah! It's fun to boot up the old Mac on the Kindle Fire and play with some of those old apps that I remember from the mid-80s. The speed of the emulator makes it a joy to work with, and at least I'm not flipping floppy disks in and out of the drive to load software. As I was playing with the Kindle Fire Mac emulation, my publishing partner Erica Sadun started looking around and found another emulator that's in the works -- Einstein, an emulation of the Apple Newton MessagePad. Einstein on the Kindle Fire Erica found out that there was an Android 2.2 version of Einstein available for download, so she quickly got it up and running. Running Einstein on the Kindle Fire requires the Einstein .apk file (the actual Android application), a Newton ROM image, and the Einstein.rex ROM extension file. While I was writing up this post, Erica got the Newton emulator running and then sent me the necessary files over Dropbox. To me, the fact that the emulator runs so slowly on modern devices is a testament to the Newton MessagePad design team. They were able to get the Newton OS and pretty darned good handwriting recognition (at least later devices) running on quite antique equipment 20 years ago, and it was very responsive. Having a vintage working Newton MessagePad 2100 means that I really don't need to run Einstein, but it's good to see that someone appreciates the history of this groundbreaking device and operating system enough to create this incredible emulator. I did install the Lion version of the emulator, which works much faster on my iMac. If you've ever wondered why Newton owners were so upset when Apple killed the product in 1998, I suggest that you load Einstein onto your Mac and give the emulator a try. When you consider the state of PDAs and personal computers at the time, you'll appreciate just how far ahead of its time the Newton MessagePad was. So, what's the point, Steve? While some of you might see the attraction in setting up a new device to emulate some equipment and software that is now a piece of history, others are probably shaking their heads and asking "why?". For an older guy like me, part of it is just the sheer fun of being able to re-live the days of 20 to 28 years ago when the monochrome screen and startup beep of the old Macs were something new and state-of-the-art. It's the fun of seeing applications that you loved (or hated) again, and seeing just how crude those applications were compared to what we have now. I'd love to hear from others who have successfully used apps like Mini vMac, Einstein, Basilisk II, and Sheep Shaver to emulate an old Apple device on a new piece of equipment. Leave your comments below.
CERN admits faulty kit to blame for speedy neutrinos, says it's all relative
Those pesky neutrinos, they sure did cause a kerfuffle. The scientific community held its collective breath when research published by CERN suggested that the little guys had been caught traveling at an Einstein-defying 3.7 miles per second faster than light. Naturally there was a mixture of doubt and excited disbelief, but everything needed to be triple checked before any paradigms could meet any windows. And alas, it was all to unravel once flaws were identified. CERN has finally admitted faulty kit was to blame, with it's research director Sergio Bertolucci conceding "A coherent picture has emerged with both previous and new data pointing to a neutrino velocity consistent with the speed of light." The final chapter in this story took place at the International Conference on Neutrino Physics and Astrophysics in Kyoto today, with Bertolucci also commenting that, at the very least, the story captured the public imagination, pointing out that "An unexpected result was put up for scrutiny, thoroughly investigated and resolved in part thanks to collaboration between normally competing experiments. That's how science moves forward." [Image credit: Getty Images]
Einstein Archives website rolls out first phase of project to get 80,000 documents online
Believe it or not, there are still things that have yet to be put on the internet. That has included most of Albert Einstein's archives, a portion of which has previously been available, but which now has a greatly expanded online presence courtesy of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem (and a grant from the Polonsky Foundation UK). The first phase of that expansion includes some 2,000 digitized documents, ranging from personal correspondence to scientific papers, which are fully searchable and able to be examined right down to the finest detail. Additional documents will continue to be added over the course of 2012, with the ultimate goal being to get all of the 80,000+ items in the university's own archives online (they've all already been cataloged). No word on any future plans for tablet apps or the like, but you can dive into the new website right now at the source link below.
Faster-than-light neutrinos are back in the game
Back in September, CERN dropped the improbable news about its faster-than-light neutrinos, causing eggheads worldwide to cry foul. Understandable really, as if true, a lot of what we think we know about the universe essentially falls apart. So, expect severe bouts of head-scratching once more, as a second round of experiments from the same OPERA collaborative has reported similar results. The initial experiments used a long chain of neutrinos, fired from point A to B. Skeptics claimed that this might have introduced an element of uncertainty to the results -- the new tests used much shorter blasts, meaning that if they arrived just as quickly, then this potential cause for error is scratched out. The new data still needs to undergo the usual peer review, and other possible causes for error remain. For now though, it looks like one of the main arguments against has been addressed, making the Einstein-challenging neutrinos one step closer (or is that ahead?) to re-writing the rule book.
Remember those faster-than-light neutrinos? Great, now forget 'em
A week ago the world went wild over CERN's tentative claim that it could make neutrinos travel faster than light. Suddenly, intergalactic tourism and day trips to the real Jurassic Park were back on the menu, despite everything Einstein said. Now, however, a team of scientists at the University of Groningen in the Netherlands reckons it's come up with a more plausible (and disappointing) explanation of what happened: the GPS satellites used to measure the departure and arrival times of the racing neutrinos were themselves subject to Einsteinian effects, because they were in motion relative to the experiment. This relative motion wasn't properly taken into account, but it would have decreased the neutrinos' apparent journey time. The Dutch scientists calculated the error and came up with the 64 nanoseconds. Sound familiar? That's because it's almost exactly the margin by which CERN's neutrinos were supposed to have beaten light. So, it's Monday morning, Alpha Centauri and medieval jousting tournaments remain as out of reach as ever, and we just thought we'd let you know.
Galaxy cluster research supports Einstein's Theory of Relativity on a cosmic level
In one small win for Einstein, one giant win for mankind, scientists at the Niels Bohr Institute have proved his General Theory of Relativity on a cosmic scale through their research of large galaxy clusters. Accordingly, the clusters -- which are the largest known gravity-bound objects -- have such a strong pull that they should cause light to "redshift," or proportionally increase in wavelength, shifting towards the red end of the visible spectrum. To test it, researchers measured beams from 8,000 clusters, revealing that they do indeed cause a change in light's wavelength, supporting Einstein's theory to a T. One good turn deserves another, right Albert? Armchair cosmologists can hop on over to the source link to learn more.
