unix
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Cocktail 4.3 Leopard edition released
It's Cocktail time yet again -- the intrepid folks at Maintain are updating the Leopard version to 4.3, and bringing more utility than ever to the already extremely popular and versatile Unix function and OS X tweaking app. The new version adds the ability to clear harmful files off the system (including some nasty trojans), lets you clear out the CrashReporter and HungReporter logs, and fixes a few QuickTime compatbility issues as well.The update is highly recommended for all users of the Leopard Edition, and available right now from Maintain's website. If you haven't yet taken the plunge on getting access to all of the weird and wonderful Unix widgets running inside your computer -- everything from cron jobs and maintenance tasks to network optimization -- the app itself is available for a single-user license fee of $14.95. Considering all of the things this app does (not to mention how often they update), that's a bargain. For those elite geeks who feel like going free of charge and foregoing the pleasant interface to the UNIX underpinnings of Mac OS X, you can accomplish some of the same maintenance and cleanup tasks with CLIX.
Maintenance utility Cocktail 4.1.4 released
All the way since back when I started using a Mac, the program that's been most recommended to new Mac users in my experience isn't Adium, Transmit, or Quicksilver (although those are certain all terrific apps/reasons to be a Mac owner) -- Cocktail is the one that I've seen on the Top 10 Mac apps most often. And there's no question that while Adium and those other apps might be flashier or more UI-driven, Cocktail is the nitro you toss in your car's fuel line to supercharge all of the stuff under the hood. From disk repairs and standard maintenance, to network optimization and cache and log file clearing, Cocktail is exactly the kind of program you buy a Mac for -- it gives you control over almost everything going on in your computer.They've just updated to 4.1.4, with a whole slew of optimizations to show for it -- the application itself has shrunk in size by 50%, and there are lots of upgrades for faster and more reliable performance. Additionally, compatibility with FAT32 volumes have been addressed, and they've upgraded Automator actions, so they've given you even more ways to control everything you've got.Great app, well worth the $14.95 for a single-user license. All the other signature Mac apps will let you do your daily tasks in style and with a little flair, but Cocktail is the one that will help you do them quickly and cleanly.
Freeware Find: IceClean 3.0b
Most of us know that we should perform regular maintenance on our Macs, usually simple things such as doing backups and shaking pizza crumbs out of the keyboard. But did you know that there are a number of UNIX System Tasks that are available for keeping your Mac running at peak performance?A lot of Mac users don't want to pull up Terminal and type arcane text into the command line, so MacDentro has a GUI front end that you can use to run those commands and keep your Mac cruisin'. IceClean, now at version 3.0.6 has menus for OS X Maintenance, Cleanup, Security and Network, and Utilities, all of which are packed with menu choices or keyboard shortcut equivalents that make mundane maintenance chores simple to perform.There are other apps available -- Maintenance and MacJanitor come to mind -- that perform similar tasks, but neither of those programs comes close to the depth of capability of IceClean.The price is right, too - it's free, although you might want to send the MacDentro folks a donation if you find yourself using IceClean regularly. Download IceClean here.Tip of the hat to our very own Victor Agreda for this find!
The 25-year-old BSD bug
Today in 1983, "Beat It" by Michael Jackson may have topped the charts, but a slight bug in the *dir() library was found only a few days ago by OpenBSD developer Marc Balmer (no rela -- oh, wait). OS News has the entire amusing tale of the bug in BSD (the UNIX foundation of Mac OS X) that's been alive and kicking for nearly 25 years. Balmer contacted Marshall Kirk McKusick, the original developer of the *dir() library, who confirmed the error. Thankfully, the fix was simple, but Balmer kidded, "[s]orry that it took us almost 25 years to fix it." Thanks, Cameron!
Here comes your man (viewer)
Man pages have been around since before I was born (circa 1971, actually). The people who will take an interest in this post are most likely familiar with the 'man' documentation format for most UNIX commands. While little has changed in the form and function of the man page – besides spawning some offshoots like GNU's info – the options for reading them in a more pleasant GUI environment have grown more diverse. Mac OS X users have a few options beyond typing 'man xyz' into the Terminal or using man pages on the web... There are Cocoa applications like Man Viewer, Man Handler and ManOpen which allow you to search for and browse man pages in a way more familiar to OS X users. They all perform text searches within an opened page, Man Handler having the most Leopard-friendly results. To the best of my knowledge, only ManOpen allows for Apropos searches which allow you to find man pages based on their subject matter. I also like the ability to open several man pages simultaneously, which ManOpen and Man Handler provide but Man Viewer does not. Rather, Man Viewer provides a single-window interface, which has its upsides as well. Most of the Cocoa viewers do not handle hypertext links within the man pages (ManOpen provides related links). For a fluid solution in that area, there's Bwana or Sogudi (the Safari 3 version of Sogudi is currently a beta), tools that integrate with Safari to allow the opening of man pages right in the browser with code highlighting and links to related pages. While Bwana is an application, Sogudi is an InputManager which allows and both allow you to type man:mdfind in the url field to load a pretty (man2html) version of mdfind's man page (with Bwana, you can also use 'open man:mdfind' from the command line) . And with both you get a tabbed interface and great search features to boot. If you've already got Safari open for other purposes, it's a great way to make use of the browser. By the same token, it's a lot of app to load if you just want to remember an ls switch. Another option – which may be great in some instances and fairly worthless in others – is Man2PDF. Basically, it produces a well-formatted PDF of the selected man page. Perfect for printing and viewing with Preview, but not the best choice for quick consultation. Were I asked to pick a winner, and Safari was already running, I'd say Sogudi wins for good looks (inherited, in part, from Safari) and great usability. ManOpen wins in the standalone category with its Apropos search and hypertext links. Of course, a vanilla man command wins for easy accessibility where you need it most.
New eBook explains Leopard's permissions
Despite John Gruber's longstanding assertion that "Repair Disk Permissions is voodoo," Brian Tanaka has published "Take Control of Permissions in Leopard" for the Take Control series of eBooks. It's part troubleshooting (how to delete stuck files, for example), part tips and tricks (the best ways to keep files private) and part theory. It's only $10US for 87 pages of very useful information. For example, you might learn that repairing permissions with Disk Utility won't change the permissions to any of your user-centric files -- it's meant to restore [Apple's] application and system file preferences permissions to their as-delivered condition. Even if you do think that Repair Permissions is nonsense, it'll be nonsense you fully understand.[Update: John Welch pointed out the typo in the 2nd paragraph; of course, Repair Permissions changes permissions, not preferences.] [Via MacMinute]
Terminal Tips: creating a Spotlight-based gallery
As sexy as Leopard is to me, I'm just as enamored with the powerful UNIX underpinnings of the operating system. I've been toying with a few ways to combine a couple of my favorite command line utilities into something that might prove useful. I won't claim I've achieved a truly practical usage yet, but I thought I'd offer some possibilities. Even for the Terminal-timid, you just might find the potential intriguing enough to slap on some binary camouflage and go all "Code Warrior" for a bit. I'm going to elaborate on some image processing techniques using results from Spotlight searches. In order to make use of the examples without modification, you'll need to have a collection of images containing IPTC keywords (or very descriptive filenames). With a little modification, the searches can be expanded to other criteria. But if you can't run a spotlight search and find at least 8 jpegs with one keyword, you'll have to accept this as a proof of concept. But, that being said, let's get started.
Cocktail Tiger edition goes to 4.0.1, Leopard edition 4.0.2
Just in case you haven't yet upgraded to Leopard, but still love using Cocktail (that crazy mix of Unix functions for OS X), Maintain has released version 4.0.1 of their Tiger edition. They've fixed some compatibility problems with QuickTime, and added support for clearing font caches in Microsoft Office 2008. The update is now available from their website, and is, they say, "strongly recommended" for all Cocktail (Tiger edition) users.Cocktail's Leopard edition is at version 4.0.2-- that update fixed these same problems last week, as well as fixing a network optimization bug for DSL (PPPoE) users.[Via MacMinute]
Apple releases Darwin 9.0, Unix foundation of Leopard
Back when the Intel Macs first appeared there was a delay from Apple in releasing Darwin 8, the open-source BSD/Unix foundation of Tiger. Crazy theories were adduced, and bad intentions attributed to Apple, but eventually Darwin 8 for Intel Macs was released. Apple seems to have moved even faster with OS X 10.5, and just a couple of weeks after the commercial release of Leopard, Darwin 9.0 is now available at Apple's Darwin page. So if you've ever wanted to root around in the source for the foundations of Leopard, here's your chance.[via Digg]
iPhone BSD package updated
iPhone developer NerveGas has updated his BSD subsystem in preparation for the new iPhone jailbreak. This new release offers tighter code fixes ("less cruft"), a few additions and a few omissions of less useful items. He also removed libarmfp dependencies. In other words, this release brings iPhone users closer to the standard BSD world. Among other changes, NerveGas has rebuilt the kext tools, added reboot, mknod, a working chown and vmstat. Other new items include chflags, lsvfs, mkfifo (and friends), tee, renice, and cap_mkdb. You might notice one big missing item: minicom. NerveGas will be releasing minicom as a separate package. NerveGas has also updated ssh.
Play Audio URLs from the iPhone Command Line
You never know when instant karma is gonna getcha. Take my playaudio application. Yesterday, I was chatting with some developer buddies about maybe putting together an Internet radio application and discussing the fact that the Celestial iPhone framework is essentially QuickTime repackaged. While talking, I decided to try using my existing playaudio app with a URL rather than a local audio file. So I typed the following at the iPhone command line: playaudio http://steiner.math.nthu.edu.tw/ne01/tjy/music/06.I%20Just%20Called%20To%20Say%20I%20Love%20You.mp3 And...it worked. Just like that, the instrumental-only cover began to play back through my iPhone speakers. Apparently, Apple has merged the concept of "local file" and "URL" a lot more closely than I'd thought. I haven't had any luck connecting to .pls or any other live radio feed but if you'd like to play back Internet-based files, playaudio works just fine.
Leopard qualifies for official UNIX 03 certification
It's no secret that OS X is based on BSD Unix, and it looks like Apple let a little more of those roots shine through with Leopard -- The Open Group has just awarded OS X 10.5 Leopard UNIX 03 certification, meaning that Apple joins Sun, HP, and IBM as the only certified vendors. The spec covers libraries, system calls, terminal interfaces, commands and utilities, internationalization and the C language, meaning that software vendors can easily port server and non-GUI apps to and from OS X with minimal effort. Although this was already mostly the case, it's always nice to see the circle complete, isn't it?[Via TUAW]
Leopard achieves UNIX 03 certification
Not being an enterprise IT guy, this story went a little past me, but it's apparently big news to some. With Leopard, Apple has now joined Sun, IBM, and HP as the only four OS vendors to achieve UNIX 03 certification. This is significant because it opens up some interesting possibilities for Apple in enterprise applications once XServes with Leopard Server ship (presumably in October). It's likely that third-party UNIX enterprise software vendors will now be more willing to write for (or port to) OS X. Further, as the InfoWorld article notes, this will make it possible to code for the Mac and easily port "to RISC big iron" just by recompiling. I suspect this will also make a lot of folks in academia happy as well.[via Digg]
ssh on iPhone
Over at the #iphone channel at irc.osx86.hu, the thoroughly awesome NerveGas has figured out how to enable ssh on the iPhone without using restore mode. The secret lies in overwriting an existing binary and plist to trick the iPhone into calling chmod on the Dropbear ssh server and making it executable. At this time, NerveGas has used Nightwatch's compiler to create iPhone-compatible versions of curl and ps as well as a number of other useful Unix utilities. (He's working on grep, as I write). So what does this mean? Well, once you've got ssh installed on your iPhone and active, you can access your iPhone from a shell on your Mac. You can send and retrieve files using scp or sftp. And you can use the compilation toolchain to build other Unix utils or even your own software. It's just a short matter of time until perl and other command-line utilities are iPhone-ready.
There and back again: How I broke into the iPhone UNIX files and lived to tell about it
Yesterday, I took my iPhone hacking to the next level. After reading through these instructions at HackTheiPhone.com, I downloaded a copy of jailbreak and broke into the iPhone UNIX file system.
ChangeShortName updated to 1.3
A few weeks ago, in discussing some things not to do with your Mac, one of our commenters asked why changing the shortname (the abbreviated version of your username you see in Terminal, as the name of your 'home folder' or in Get Info windows) is such a nasty bit of business on Mac OS X. Shouldn't it be easy as pie, on the 'computer for the rest of us,' to make this quick and trivial modification? Well... it isn't. In part due to Mac OS X's UNIX heritage and in part due to NetInfo (a chunk of the NeXT operating system that hopefully won't be around forever), the shortname gets tucked away in a lot of tricky wee places, and getting them all updated manually is a path to disaster.Fortunately, as Scott mentioned way back in ought-five, there's a somewhat easier way: James Bucanek & Dan Frakes' handy-dandy and free ChangeShortName utility. This tool, now updated to version 1.3 and featuring an all-new Cocoa interface, will give timid people the strength to do what must be done and change your shortname for you, as an absolute last resort. Seriously, you are not allowed to use this program without reading the included (and well-written) manual, and you should heed the FAQ that asks "Q: Should I be scared of ChangeShortName? A: YES." The authors suggest learning to live with your hella lame shortname, or creating a new account and migrating your data instead of changing the name; if something goes wrong in the process, your efforts at account aesthetics might render your machine unusable. You've been warned!Thanks Dan & James
IBM kicks out energy-efficient 4.7GHz POWER6 processor
Nah, it's no BlueGene L supercomputer, but IBM's latest dual-core microprocessor runs at a cool 4.7GHz while sporting 8MB of total cache per chip. The device reportedly runs "twice as fast" and packs four times the cache as the POWER5, and boasts a processor bandwidth of 300Gbps. Interestingly, the massive power increase doesn't seem to come with a boost in energy requirements, as IBM claims that the 65-nanometer POWER6 somehow ups its game while "using nearly the same amount of electricity" as its predecessor. The company plans on shoving the new darling into the System p570 server, and preliminary testing showed that all four of the "most widely used performance benchmarks for Unix servers" were shattered by its CPU. Unfortunately, there's no word on pricing nor availability just yet, but we're anticipating a bit of sticker shock when it does finally land.[Via LinuxDevices]
Phynchronicity: Fink GUI
Everybody knows that at the heart of OS X lies a powerful UNIX/BSD installation, but actually installing UNIX software can be a bit of pain, requiring command line trickery at least, and sometimes even compiling from the source (and dealing with dependencies, etc.). Fortunately, the Fink package management system goes a long way toward making this easier by packing much of the software in a relatively easy to use format. However, Fink still requires some command line chops, so Phynchronicity takes the Fink idea to the next level. It's an OS X GUI for installing Fink packages that's as simple as navigating through the categories and hitting the install button.Phynchronicity is $20 and a demo is available (Fink must already be installed on your system).[Via MacNN]
Terminal Tip: Accessing built-in calendars
On Sunday, I posted about the built-in calendars found in /usr/share/calendar. These calendars include listings of events from around the world and for religions, e.g. calendar.history and calendar.christian. Today, I thought I'd share some ways to access those calendars from the command line. On pretty much any version of Mac OS X, you can use the built-in calendar command to list the events of the day. The -f flag allows you to select which calendar you want to access. The calendar.world file references all the other English-language calendars. % calendar -f /usr/share/calendar/calendar.world Apr 13 Thomas Jefferson born, 1743 Apr 12 Confederate troops fire first shots of Civil War at Ft Sumter, 1861 Apr 12 Space Shuttle Columbia launched, 1981 Apr 12 Yuri Gagarin becomes the first man in space, 1961 Apr 13 Laotian New Year (3 days) in Laos Apr 13 National Day in Chad Apr 13 Songkron Day in Thailand and so forth... % You can embed this command into your startup files like ~/.bashrc so the events of the day display whenever you open a new shell. Unfortunately, the calendar command does not seem to work properly on my Intel-based Mac Mini; Mike reports that it works just fine on his MacBook Pro. If your Intel Mac is balking at the calendar command, you can use grep as a workaround: grep `date +%m/%d` /usr/share/calendar/calendar.*
Terminal Tip: the joy of nl
Too often overlooked, nl provides a very useful shell command. As you can see here, when issued, it numbers the lines of a text file. But that's certainly not all that this little utility can do. My favorite feature allows you to count the occurrences of a regular expression. Use the -bp flag to tell nl to count all the lines that match that expression. For example: % nl -bp"So.*e" sonnet.txt Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate: Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer's lease hath all too short a date:1 Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, And often is his gold complexion dimm'd; And every fair from fair sometime declines, By chance or nature's changing course untrimm'd; But thy eternal summer shall not fade Nor lose possession of that fair thou owest; Nor shall Death brag thou wander'st in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou growest:2 So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,3 So long lives this and this gives life to thee. %
