Russian attempts to skew the 2016 US election through Facebook reached much, much further than first thought. Numerous publications (including Axios, NBC News and the New York Times) have obtained Facebook's prepared testimony for the Senate, which reveals that Russia-linked pages reached 126 million American users between January 2015 and August 2017. That's over half of the social network's US base, for those keeping track. About 80,000 pieces of divisive material were shown to 29 million users whose likes, shares and follows spread the content to many more people.
There's more beyond that. Facebook also deleted over 170 Russia-linked Instagram accounts that had made about 120,000 posts, and it had discovered security threats against politicians that stemmed from APT28, the hacking team regularly connected to Russian military intelligence.
Facebook was quick to downplay the volume of Russian posts in its testimony. There were over 11 trillion total posts from Pages on Facebook between 2015 and 2017, the company said. And it's true that merely seeing a post doesn't mean you notice it, let alone that you believe what it says. However, that doesn't change that a significant portion of those 126 million people interacted with those posts. That's millions of people who unwittingly played a part in what appears to be a massive Russian disinformation campaign.
The company certainly isn't alone when Google and Twitter have also found evidence of meddling. This is a broader problem with how underprepared internet companies were to deal with such a broad attempt to influence the American public. However, Facebook doesn't look good in light of this testimony: it had initially claimed that its content didn't influence the election at all, and now it's admitting that Russian operators were wildly successful in sowing chaos (even if only some people fell for the ploy). The company's rush to fix its ad system before the 2018 mid-terms just took on an added sense of urgency.
Update: Ahead of the upcoming testimony, Google detailed many of its findings in a blog post with associated PDFs.
We found 18 channels likely associated with this campaign that made videos publicly available, in English and with content that appeared to be political (These channels also posted non-political videos, e.g., personal travelogues).
- There were 1,108 such videos uploaded, representing 43 hours of content and totaling 309,000 U.S. views from June 2015 to November 2016. (Note: A single user may generate multiple views on a single video.)
- These videos generally had very low view counts; only around 3 percent had more than 5,000 views.
- These channels' videos were not targeted to the U.S. or to any particular sector of the U.S. population.
- We have suspended the channels we identified.
- Some have raised questions about the use of YouTube by RT, a media service funded by the Russian government. Our investigation found no evidence of manipulation of our platform or policy violations; RT—and all other state-sponsored media outlets— remains subject to our standard rules.